Effect of Conservation Agriculture Practices on Chemical Properties of Soil at Assosa, Western Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
12-18
Received:
15 May 2021
Accepted:
21 June 2021
Published:
26 June 2021
Abstract: Conservation agriculture is a crop production system that retains an everlasting soil cover through preservation of crop residues on soil surface with zero and reduced till to enhance natural biological processes. It is also a way of organizing agricultural ecosystems for continued and greater sustainable productivity. Not only sustain agricultural productivity; plants, animals and human health are soil quality dependent. However, conventional agricultural practices have reduced soil productivity at such a scary rate, many agricultural soils are leached-out of nutrients and unable to naturally sustain crops. Determining impact of conservation agriculture on soil chemical properties at Assosa district was chosen to study chemical supplement substances of the soil from CA. This study pointed to assess the impact of distinctive conservation agriculture on soil chemical properties such as pH, %OC, %TN, mg/kg soil of phosphorus, meq/100g of soil exchangeable acidity, meq/100g of soil potassium and CEC at the research site. Chemical parameters analysis were done using AOAC methods. All soil tests collected from the treatment confirmed recognizable difference among the treatment and year. Despite that, in all analysis centrality distinction of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen within the soil showed better result in conservation agriculture and uncovered land than the conventional one. The pH, %TN, mg/kg of P, meq/100g soil K, %OC, CEC and exchangeable acidity were assessed three times in two years interval. The chosen location soil was as well disintegrated and unequivocally acidic.
Abstract: Conservation agriculture is a crop production system that retains an everlasting soil cover through preservation of crop residues on soil surface with zero and reduced till to enhance natural biological processes. It is also a way of organizing agricultural ecosystems for continued and greater sustainable productivity. Not only sustain agricultural...
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Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Zinc (II) Ion and Copper (II) Ion Complexes of 4-Methyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzene Sulphonamide
Kingsley John Orie,
Remy Ukachukwu Duru,
Raphael I-oro Ngochindo
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
19-24
Received:
14 June 2021
Accepted:
24 June 2021
Published:
29 June 2021
Abstract: Sulphonamide derivative of heteroaromatic compounds has vastly been used as bactericide, fungicide, germicide, antitumor and others in the field of the pharmaceutical industry. Their complexations as revealed by authors are found to enhance the bioactivity of the sulphonamide derivatives except in some cases where bioactive is reduced. 4-methyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzene sulphonamide is an important sulphonamide derivative that houses multiple essential moieties like pyridine core, benzene ring, azomethine and sulphonamide. The synthesis and spectra investigation of Zinc (II) ion and Copper (II) ion complexes of 4-Methyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzene sulphonamide was achieved by two-step reactions. 2-aminopyridine was sulphonylated via the action of tosyl chloride on 4-aminopyridine in the presence of sodium trioxocarbonate (IV) in an aqueous solvent. The product was washed severally with distilled water and purified with mixed solvent. Thereafter, the product was complexed with Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions. The purity of both the ligand and complexes were confirmed using thin-layer chromatography and melting point analysis. The solubility analysis confirmed the behaviour of the ligand and the complexes in some organic solvents. The structural elucidations were achieved through Ultraviolet Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier Transform Infer-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1HNMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13CNMR) and Electron Spray Ionisation-Mass Spectrometer (ESI-MS). The formation of 1:2 [M: 2L] complex was shown in the elemental analysis data. The molar conductance measurements revealed that all the complexes are non-electrolyte in nature. The infrared (IR) spectra studies indicated the binding sites of the sulphonamide derivatives ligand with the transition metal ions. The spectra of the complexes showed an absorption shift, with the free ligand of azomethine having the absorption band (1681.98) while that of the complexes, Zn (II) and Cu(II) have the absorption bands of 1674.30cm-1 and 1674.27cm-1 respectively. The complexation of4-Methyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzene sulphonamide may hopefully increase the biological and catalytic potential of the ligand in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Abstract: Sulphonamide derivative of heteroaromatic compounds has vastly been used as bactericide, fungicide, germicide, antitumor and others in the field of the pharmaceutical industry. Their complexations as revealed by authors are found to enhance the bioactivity of the sulphonamide derivatives except in some cases where bioactive is reduced. 4-methyl-N-(...
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